I Love Turkish

in this course we'll learn pronouns,here it is pronouns in Turkish

1. PERSONAL PRONOUNS/ŞAHIS ZAMİRLERİ
2. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS/İŞARET ZAMİRLERİ
3. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS/SORU ZAMİRLERİ
4. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS/BELGİSİZ ZAMİRLER

1.PERSONAL PRONOUNS/KİŞİ(ŞAHIS)ZAMİRLERİ:
Ben(i)                  Beni(me)          Benim(my)            Benimki(mine)
Sen(you)             Seni(you)         Senin(your)            Seninki(yours)
O*(he/she/it)       Onu(him/her/it  Onun(his/her/its)    Onunki(its/his/hers)
Kendim(myself), Kendin(yourself) ,Kendi(itself/himself/herself)

Biz(we)           Bizi(us)          Bizim(our)        Bizimki(ours)      Kendimiz(ourself)
Siz(you)          Sizi(you)       Sizin(your)        Sizinki(yours)      Kendiniz(yourself)
Onlar(they)     Onları(them)  Onların(their)    Onlarınki(theirs)  Kendileri(themselves)

Ben kendim(by myself)
Sen kendin(by yourself)
O kendi (by itself/by himself/by herself)

Biz kendimiz(ourselves)
Siz kendiniz(by yourself)
Onlar kendileri(by themselves)
listen this tutorial

Notes: in Turkish 3rd singular personal pronoun "O" equals in English "he/she/it"
in Turkish 2nd singular personal pronoun "Sen" and 2nd plural personal pronoun "Siz" equal in English "you" and their reflexive pronouns are the same,you know what mean verbs begin with "by" from your language and from English
i've written this post by myself
(i did not get help from others,nobody helped me)
here it is the same reflexive pronoun in Turkish please care it

pronouns(ben,sen,o,biz,siz,onlar) before "kendim,kendin,kendi/kendimiz,kendiniz,kendileri" may not pronounce, it is not important to say or not to say,we generally use them emphasize the clause
                                            lets have a break with a Turkish song                         




                                                and then video narration of this part
                 

lyrics of the song

2.DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS

they place in clauses instead of real names,we replace them with names sometimes,they are used instead of names

they are: Bu(this) Şu(that,that one) O(that -away from the speaker-)Bunlar(these,these ones) Şunlar(those) Onlar(thats,those) öteki(other,the other one) beriki(the nearest,the nearer one,this one) Böyleleri(things like this) Öylesi(sb or st like that)

alright let's use them in clause
O Türkiye'nin en ünlü sanatçısıdır.("O" is used instead of a name)
(... is the famest artist of Turkey)
Bu hayatımda izlediğim en iyi film("Bu" is used instead of a film name)
(this is the best film i've watched in my life)
Şu köşedeki adamı tanıyor musun?("Şu" used instead of that)
(do you know that man,in the corner?)
Bunlar benim yeni aldığım kitaplar("Bunlar" used instead of these ones)
(these are the books i've just bought)
Öylesi insanlarla samimi olma("öylesi" used instead of sb like that)
(Don't be sincere to somebody like that)
listen this tutorial


          INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS/SORU ZAMİRLERİ:
it is the pronouns, replace of names via a question
Ne(what),kim(who),nereye(where),kime(to whom),hangi(which)kaç(how many),
Examples for "Ne/what":

Dün ne yaptınız? Ne dediniz? anlamadım.
(what did you do yesterday?) (what did you say? i didn't not understand)

Mesleğiniz nedir? Sonraki seçiminiz nedir? O şu an ne okuyor?
(what's your profession?) ( what is your next selection?) (what is he reading at the moment?)

Examples for"kim/who":
kim bilir, belki o suçludur. Aranızda bu soruyu kim biliyor?
(who knows, maybe he is guilty.) (who knows this question among you?)

Bu gece parti için bize kim geliyor? Dünyanın en zengin insanı kimdir?
(who is coming to us for the party tonight?) (who is the richest people of the world)

Examples for"kimin/whose":
Kimin arabasının rengi beyaz? Kimin babası yada annesi doktor?
(whose car's color is white) (whose father or mother is doctor?)

Examples for"hangi/which":
Hangi ülkede yaşıyorsun? Hangi takımı tutuyorsun?
(which country do you live in?) (which team do you support?)

Hangi meyveyi çok seversin? Ülkenizde hangi ağaçlar yetişir?
(which fruit do you like much?) (which trees grow in your country?)


Examples for"Nereye/where
Nereye gidiyorsunuz? Bu uçak nereye iniyor?
(where are you going?) (where this plane lands?)
Burada en yakın postane nerede? Ellerimi nerede yıkayabilirim? Arkadaşlarım nerede?
(where is the nearest post-office here?) (where can i wash my hands?) (where is my friends?

Examples for"kaç tane/how many":
Kaç tane arabanız var? kaç tane araba geldi?
(how many cars do you have?) (how many car came?)
Türkiye'den kaç tane insan tanıyorsunuz? İngiltere'de kaç tane arkadaşın var?
(how many people do you know from Turkey?) (how many friend do you have in England?)

Examples for"Kaç=howmany/how much":
"Kaç"is used very largely in Turkish while building a clause,it is used both instead of "howmany" and "how much",separately it can build a clause by itself.

here it is some examples for"Kaç":
Kaç yaşındasınız? Maç kaç kaç? Saat kaç?
(how old are you?) (what's the score of the match?) (what's the time?)

Bu gün okula kaç öğrenci geldi? Günde kaç para harcıyorsun?
(How many student came to the school today?) (how much money do you spend in the day?)

Dişlerini günde kaç kere/defa fırçalıyorsun?
(how many times do you brush your teeth in a day?)
Did you notice? English clauses longer then Turkish,make sure buiding a Turkish sentence easier then building an English sentence.
Examples for"Kime/to whom"
Kitabımı kime verdin? Bu akşam kime gidiyoruz?
(whom did you give my book to?) (to whom are we going to go this evening?)

listen this tutorial
we made it like this

Kim+e Who+to

the tag 'e' is equals 'to' they have the same function,we are using it to turn a sentence to somebody,somewhere or something such as to london to istanbul to me,it is in dative.

more examples for dative case:

Gelecek hafta Türkiye'ye gidiyorum Sana bir mektup var. Bana bak!
(i'm going to Turkey next week.) (there is a letter to you.) (look at me!)

Bak! masanın üzerinde bir gözlük var, onu bana ver.
(look! there is a sunglass on the table,give it to me)

--- There is just 'e' in the examples above(in Kime) but i see different letters in the other examples,such as in "sana/to you","bana/to me" or as in "Türkiye'ye" why?

--- because a sentence in Turkish consists of a vowel + a consonant,to obey this rule we use a buffer letter, it is "y"

Türkiye'ye Ali'ye
(to Turkey) (to Ali) in this examples "y" is buffer letter, actually it must be like this "Türkiye'e,Ali'e" musn't it? but as i've told you two vowels don't appear side by side,consecutively, this is the rule

and other different case in "Sana/to you", "Bana/to me", "Ankara'ya/to Ankara","İstanbul'a/to Istanbul"

because there is phonetics vowel harmony in Turkish,that's why we have to obey the rules that palatal harmony and labial harmony.

Palatal harmony:if there is a back vowel(a,ı,o,u) in the first syllable of a turkish word, all syllables after that ends with back vowels(Çocuklaşmak/behave childishly)
Labial harmony:if there is a front vowel(e,i,ö,ü) in the first syllable of a turkish word ,all syllables after that ends with front vowels( denizcilik/seamanship)

this part is ended check your notes out

                                               let's watch a Turkish clip from MANGA                                         


lyrics of the song
official webpage of group